Respiratory Training vs Interoceptive ExposureRespiratory Training in the Treatment of Transdiagnostic Pathological Anxiety

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Clinically elevated anxiety as indicated by an eight or higher on the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS).
2. Meets DSM-5 criteria for one or more of the following anxiety or trauma-related disorders as their "primary" mental disorder:

• Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• Panic Disorder
• Health Anxiety
• Agoraphobia
• Social Anxiety Disorder
• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
• Acute Stress Disorder
• Adjustment Disorder with primary anxious mood
• Anxiety disorder not otherwise specified

3. No current use of psychotropic medications or stable on current medications for at least 6 weeks
4. Age 18+.
5. Able to arrange transportation to our laboratory for study appointments.
6. Fluent in English.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. No history of medical conditions that would contraindicate participation in fear-provocation or respiratory challenges, including:

• Cardiovascular or respiratory disorders
• High blood pressure
• Epilepsy
• Strokes
• Seizures
• History of fainting
• Pregnant or lactating

2. Not currently receiving other psychological treatment for anxiety.
3. No history of a suicide attempt within the past 6 months.
4. No history of psychosis within the past 6 months.
5. No history of moderate to severe alcohol or substance use disorder (with the exception of nicotine) within the past 3 months.
6. Does not endorse COVID-19 symptoms during the screening phase.