Neural SignalsAssessment of Neural Signals for the Control of Assistive Devices

Participants in this group will receive a onetime surgery to have the leads implanted temporarily for ESCS which will be triggered through the BCI system. The BCI-ESCS arms will include Upper limb (UL) therapist-guided training, with triggered through a BCI system during task practice. The BCI system will decode motor intention of Upper limb (UL) tasks from cortical signals recorded using EEG system or using their intracranially implanted devices (e.g., ECoG). Participants will perform UL daily activities (e.g., grasping, reaching) tailored to participants deficits. The therapist will facilitate task practice and progress therapy within and between session.

Subjects will be involved in the intervention for up to 2 months.

This will be a one time surgery lasting no more than 2 hours where ESCS electrodes will be connected to an external stimulator approved for human research. Stimulation intensity and parameters will be configured before each session for optimal upper extremity motor function.

The ESCS approach will include surgical implantation of temporarily placed leads in the cervical epidural space and connection cables tunneled percutaneously through the skin for <30 days

Neural activity during upper and/or lower extremity tasks will be recorded to characterize the changes that occur in the signals before, during, and after task performance. Observed characteristics of neural signals that are related to the initiation, continuation, or termination of movement will be used to derive control signals that can trigger or enable assistive devices.

Neural activity during upper and/or lower extremity tasks will be recorded to characterize the changes that occur in the signals before, during, and after task performance. Observed characteristics of neural signals that are related to the initiation, continuation, or termination of movement will be used to derive control signals that can trigger or enable assistive devices.