RifampinAdjunctive Rifampin for the Treatment of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Due to S. Aureus

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Probable or definite prosthetic valve endocarditis involving the tricuspid, pulmonic, mitral and/or aortic valves by the 2023 Duke-ISCVID Criteria (including Cardiac PET evidence if applicable);
2. Patient or healthcare proxy provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Death deemed imminent and inevitable within days or patient will be receiving palliative care and has prognosis < 90 days according to the treating team;
2. Patient requires intensive care but has a do not resuscitate order precluding transfer;
3. Polymicrobial bacteremia (not including skin commensals or other recognized contaminant);
4. Organism tests as rifampin resistant;
5. History of hypersensitivity/anaphylaxis or severe adverse reaction to rifampin;
6. Category X or other important drug-drug interaction with rifampin which cannot be safely mitigated \[with as-needed consultation from experts from pharmacy and/or internal medicine/geriatrics for potential deprescribing\];
7. Child Pugh Class C cirrhosis;
8. Clinician deems rifampin to be mandatory;
9. Patient has already received >3 days of rifampin at time of screening or >10 days of total therapy
10. Pregnancy or breast feeding

Administrative exclusions:

1. No reliable means of outpatient contact (telephone/email/text);
2. Previously enrolled;
3. Prior S. aureus bacteremia within the preceding 180 days