Ketone EsterEffects of Acute Ketone Supplementation on the Brain

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥45 years and ≤65 years
2. Able to comply with study requirements including presenting for each test session following an overnight fast and not following a ketogenic diet during the duration of the study.
3. BMI between 18.5 and 30 kg/m2

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Non-English Speaking
2. Currently taking a ketone ester supplement, ketone salt supplement, or on a ketogenic diet
3. Pregnancy, a urine pregnancy test will be given to all women before scanning to confirm nonpregnant status
4. Currently breastfeeding
5. Allergies to components in the test products, including milk protein, and not lactose intolerant
6. History of high blood pressure
7. History of alcoholism (previous 2 years)
8. History of illicit drug use
9. History of head trauma involving loss of consciousness or skull fracture
10. Diagnosed neurological disease
11. Taking psychiatric prescriptive medications (antipsychotics, antidepressants, or barbiturates) or over-the-counter (OTC) medications (other than those taken as nutritional supplements for non-therapeutic indications)
12. Current smoker
13. Currently consuming a habitual ketogenic diet, or was consuming a habitual ketogenic diet in the past three months
14. Any condition or material in the body that is a contraindication for MRI procedures